Booster regulation.



Q. AMBRUSTER 115.1114111. BECK.

BOOSTER REGULATION.

APPLICATION HLED 11,111.24. 190e.

Patented 11111.20, 1914.

df@ w Ecm/Mmmm :aruba/w /a T ff vez C. AMBRUSTER da H. M. BECK. BOOSTER REGULATION. APPLIOATION FILED' MAR. 24. 190e.

` Patented Jan. 20, 1914.

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C. AMBRUSTER: H. M. BECK.

BOOSTER REGULATION. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 24, 1906. l

Patente tM1120, 1914.

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C. AMBRUSTER (Sz H. M. BECK.

1 BOOSTER REGULATION. APPLGATIUN FILED MAR. 24, 1906,

Patented Jan. 20, 191.4.

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Licenses.

Specification or Letters lateiit.

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Application le liareh 2t, 3.896. Serial No. 30?,802 l y Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Booster Reg lation, oi which the following is a specification.

Objects of the present invention are to effect accurate and proper regulationoif a booster t'or causing it to compel or control the charge or discharge of a battery to provide simple and comparatively inexpensive and ellicicnt apparatus constituting a booster regulator; and other objects of the invention as Well as its characteristic features will appear from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawA ings. forming part hereof and in Which- Figure l, is a diagrammatic view illustrat ing a system of distribution embodying few,

tures of the invention, and Figs. 2 3, d, 5, o, .7, 8, 9, l0, 1l and 12, are similar vicivs olf systems of distribution. embodying modilications, or dili'erent applications of the invention.

ln the drawings c, is a generator arranged .to supply current to the oonsui'nption circuit l, 2, on which circuit may be a variable load,

as for example, that ci' the trolley car o. c, 1s a storage battery having interposed in sel, ries with it and in its conductors 3l a booster d, `which may be driven in any ap- 1 propriate manner. rlhese described parts. as

well as the variety of Ways in which they may be operatively connected, are Well understood.V i

There is a nialre-and-break field regulator responsive to changes of electrical condition in soine part of the system. lelluctuations oi' load on the generator ci, are an exan'iple.

rlhis regulator operates to control the volt-- age of the booster in such a way as to cause yoltage ci vthe booster has been built up suf iciently to cause the batteryr to discharge slightly in excess oi' what it should, the vinalte-'a.ud-break: device in response to a slight reduction of load on the generator, Will. cease or reverse its action, thus checking any further tendency. to cause an .increase of battery discharge. A similar action taires place When the loadtentls to all oil the generator. Thus the mancanti-break device would ordinarily be in a' state ol vibration and there would be upon the generator a number of fluctuations oi such minute amount and duration that its resultant load Would be substantially constant notf withstanding fluctuations of the load Z). When the load o corresponds with the aven age load on the generator the make-andbreak device might be at rest and the battery neither charging or discharging. across the zgap or gaps of the maire-and break device are shown condcnsers S tovsuppressA the spark.

Referring to Fig. l, Jdie regulator is shown as a pole changer and con'iprises a pivotal :ii-ui c, arranged .in the space between contact points and (l, and having4 a core el., and an adjustable spring c2. The Contact points 5, and G, are connected by conductors T and 8, for example, with the leads of the circuit l, 2. 'lhc erin c, is properly insulated and connected with a conductor 9, a the current in which influences the field 10, el the booster d, and this conductor 9"', is connected with an intermediate point of the battery. llpon conditions ol average load the arm c, inight not n'iale Contact with either of the points :3 or (i, and the battery c, would neither charge nor discharge. The core cl, is operatively arranged with respect to a coil c3, which in ils turn is responsive to the electrical condition of the circuit. Upon an increase ol load the coil c3, attracts its coro c, and brings the pivotal arm c, into coni-act with (he point G, illus there is a circuit ironL the battery which may be described as in the direction 9,10,$l, c, G, and 8, to lead 2. rl`he e'llcct of this current is to build up the voltage ot the booster d, of a polarity to cause the battery to discharge and relieve the generator oli the'increase ol: load`so as to keep the load on the generator constant. In fact, the circuit thus estab* lished tends to cause maximum discharge of the battery but time is required to build up the voltage ol the booster, so that by the time the load on the generator yis suiliei'ently llo sol

relieved, thel reduction of current in the coil e3 perinitsthe latter to diminish its pull upon the core cl, and thus the arm c, is shifted out of contact with 'the point G, and it mayy even be brought into Contact With the point 5. vUnder the latter condition a circuit is established, from conductor 1 by way of f5, e, 9, 10 and 9a to the middle `pointlof 'file battery. fEhe current in the last mentioned circuit operates to build up the voltage of the booster c, of a polarity to cause the battery to charge; but as soon this result; begins to take place the effectis to cause the coil e3, to bring the arm e, again into cont-act with the point G, thus the arm e, may continue to vibrare between these points and the load on the generator a will fluctuate momentarily Within -such extremely narrow limits that the fluctuations may be disrcgarded in their effects on the generator. Yet the magnified effects of these fluctuations though overlapping and partly neu-` tralizing each other, Will in the aggregate cause the battery to compensate for the fluctuations of the load Z).

Referring to vFigs. 2, f, j, f'and f3, represent the arms of a lWheatstone bridge arranged across the circuit 2. he 'field coil 10 which influences the booster (Z, 'is con lnected across this ll/Yheatstone bridge, bcltween the junction points y? and g. rlhe il-esistancef is greater than that required to *produce equal potentials at j and g, so that when it is .in the circuit, current tends to flow from the point g, through the conductor 12 and field 10-to the point y), and vwhen all or a sufficient part of the resistance f3, is short circuited the current through the field 10, is in the opposite direction. @ne end of the resistance is connected with the arme, and the other end or some point includingA an appropriate portion of it,is conf nectcd with the contact point 13, the hand switch la serving to adjust this connection when required. ln use the result of the operation of this device is as has been described with reference to Fig. 1. The coil ci", serving tobi-ing the arin into and i'ierinit'` it to get out of 'contact with the contact point 13, Whereby the resistance of the arin f, is varied So as to effect reversals in the field controlling coil l0, which influences the v ltage of the booster and the operation of the system as has been described. ln the :hr-

rangement. vshown in this and in some hf the succeeding figures the malte-a* td'breal\V` device has but one contact. point, whereas in AFig. l, there are two. Furthermore in the arrangei-nent of Fig. 2, the circuit of the field coil itself is not actually made and broken.

In Fig. 3, there `is a conductor 15` fr nn an intermediate point of the battery c, through the field coil 10, thence branching through a resistance f, by conductor 17, to one end of Losanna the battery and through an adjustable resistance 18 by a coi'uluctor 19, to thc other end of the battery. 20, a conductor from one end of the resistance 18,' to the arm e, and from the contactpoint 21, leads a conductor 2Q, to the other end of the resistance 18, or to an appropriate point in it according to the position of the adjusting switch 2S.

ylhe result of the operation of the modificat'ion illustrated in Fig. 3, is substantially as hagbecn described in connection with Figs. l and 2. lVhcnthe resistance 1S, is in circuit, current passes by 17, f4, 15 `through the coil 10, to the middle point of tho buttery. 'When appropriate part of the resistance is short circuited by 'ay ofthe conductor 20, arm e, contact 21 and .conduetor 22, tlcre is a current from the middle point of the battery through 10, -'via conductor 15, through the shortcircuit at contact point 2l, to the battery terminal conductor 3, so that the current through the field 1G is reversed.

Referring to Fig. et, there is a coil 24, which tends to influence the booster so as to charge the battery and it is shown in that figure as aranged across the `circuit, 1, 2, but it maybe arranged across any appropriate source. '.lhere is also a coil 25, responsive to the load on the Work circuit and shown -as a series coil in the conductor 1. QG, is a resistance in shunt relation Vto the coil The coil 2:, constitutes a field influencing coil for the booster and its tendency .is to m'erpower the coil 2l, and influence the booster in such a. Way as to discharge the'battcry. The Contact point 27, is connected. by a conductor 28, with one end of the shunt resistance 26, and the arml c, is connected by a conductor 29, with the other rnd of the resistance 2G, or with an intermediate point in said resistance determined by the position of the adjusting switch 30. `When the circuitl QS29, is closed through the contact point 27, vthe coil 2G, or an amiropriate part thereof is shortcircuitcd and .the coil 24, predoniinates in.- fluencing the booster in 'the direction to canse the battery to charge. However, when the circuit QS-Qtl is open at the contact point 27, the coil Q5, is energized, prepondcratcs over the coil. 24C and influences the booster 1field in the direction battery discharge. tly the means shown in Fig. al, and described, similar results are effected as are effected in connection with the figures previously described.

As shown in Fig. ivhich influences the field of the booster and 1t is arranged in series with the 'resistance 2, as shown across the circuit 1, 2, and inI a conductor 33 and 3l.

influencing coil reslionsive to the load b, ony

35,'ig a booster field the Wort: circuit and shown as a series coil in the conductor 1. The coil 35, tends to 5, there is a coill 31 llt) to make the the conductor ail? the load o. When this load is less than normal the tendency is for less current to pass through the coil e3 of the regulator, allowing the pivotal arin c, to contact witli'the point Gl thereby short circuiting tlie resistance ot the field influencing coil-(l2 of the booster through the conductors ai and am thereby strengthening` the ettect of the field intluencing coil 62 to increase the voltage of the booster and cause the battery, to charge. When the load Z), is greater than normal there is a tendency for more than-thenorinal current to How through the coil 03. which 4causes the arm c to lose contact with the point (il throwing the resistance tl?) in series with the lield inlluencing coil (3Q of the booster, reducing its' voltage and causing it to send less current to the battery. The coil (l2 and the resistance 63 may be connected in series with each other across any convenient source. As shown theyV are connected by across tbe circuit of the generator terminals. y

The arrangement illustrated in Fig. 11, is one in which the normal voltage of the battery c, may be less than the voltage of the y generator o, which is the reverse ot the conditions described in AFig. l0, so that in Fig. 1l, the voltage of the boosterl supplements that `ot' thebattcry and opposes the voltage of the generator so as to insure the proper operation of the battery. The booster field influencing coil /65 and its resistance titl, are arranged as in Fig. 10, as are also the other parts and circuits with the exception that the arin e,vis arranged to contact; with a point 67 in accordance .with the pull ot the. coil c3 and shortl circuit the resistance 0G. The absorption of energy by cl, may be returned to the line by generator m.

Since the invention is not confined to the use of a coil responding to changes of current, there is shown in F ,12, a voltage coil e arranged across seine portion ot the system, at which voltage changes (minimized by the operation of the battery) occur and in accordance with which changes it is in conductors G8 and (S9, whicl extend desired to make the battery charge or discharge. In Fig. 12, X and Y are such points and the voltage changes may occur at tliein by reason ot their distance from the generator or by reason of the characteristics of the generator, or in any other way. The coil c is. shown as connected across the points1 Xand Y by `a conductor Z. The booster lield regulator coil 1'O,is connected from an intermediate point of the battery to the arnr c. The opposite 'ends of the battery are connected respectively by conductors 100 and 101 with the contact points 'TOand 71.

-lVlien the coil e is energized in response to an increase of voltage across the point-,9X and Y, the arm @,*is brought into contact -with the point '71, producing a current by way of (33, GQ, e, 7l, lOl in the coil 10 in such a direction as to cause the booster d, to charge the battery. Likewise il there is a decrease in the voltage across the points K and Y, the coil e0 allows the arin c, to contact with the point 70 producing a current by the path 100,' 70, e, G9, and 68 through the coil l0 in such a direction as to cause the booster to inale a battery discharge.

W e do not regard our invention as limited to the exact details of construction'or ar rangement, or any oli tliein, and it will ap pear from our claims that not so limited, but

Having Athus described the nature and objects of our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Lettersl Patent i l. rthe combination with a generator and its con'ipleinental storage battery and booster l'or regulatingr fluctuations, ot' means responsive tothe fluctuations for fiirnishing the booster with both positive and negative excitation in excess of the requirements ot the tll'ictuations to be regulated and for both applying iinpnlsosA of the excessive excitation in appropriate direction and controlling the duration and raijiidity oi* the impulses` thereby producing a resultant excitatioi'iv proportionate to the tli'lctuations.

The combination with a generator and its miinpleniental storage battery and booster l'or regulating iluct'uations, ot n'ieans Prcsponsive to the llnctuations for furnishing the booster with botti positive and negative excitation in excess oilE the requirements ol the. ilncinatioiisto be regulated, said nic-.ins including a mal'"and-break device for both applying impulses` ot the excessive excitation in appropriate direction and 'lor controlling llieduration and rapidity of the impulses, thereby producing a resultant excitation proportionatc to the lluctnations.

ln combination, in a voltage regulating apparatus, an ari'nature, a field coil for controlling the voltage developed therein, and a inalui-andbreik device adapted to apply to said coil impulses of electro-motiveforce alternatii'ig in polarity and in rapid succession, `whereby each ii'npnlse is only partialtvv effective in niodilying the armatui'e voltage. Y I

4. In an electric regulator the combination of a regulating arinature,a coil for controlling its Voltage and means ttor continually applying to said coil elcotro-n'iotive` forces ot alternating polarity, substantially as described. j e

ln an electric regulator the combination 'ott a voltage regulating armature, a. field coil for controlling its voltage, and means tor continually' applying to said field coil elta-.tro-inetive 'forces et tixed amounts, andol alternatingpolarity, substantially as described.

lne invention isV melissa n diate point in said resistance according to .the position lof the adyusting switch 89.V

In Fig. 6, there are two coils 'l1 and 16, each of which influences the boosterl voltage. The coil 1G when energized effects discharge of the battery and the coil 1l when energized effects cl'zarging of the battery. These coils are excited from anyconvenient source and as shown are connected in branches 0J and g/ to a conductor c, across the lead 1, 2, the coil 11 having in series with it a. resista-nce l0 and the coil 16 having in series with it a resistance el. The conductor/l5 connects one end of each resistance with the pivotal arm e, of the booster regulator. The other ends of the.

resistances are connected with the contact points 42 and 43 respectively by' conductors i4 and 6. Under conditions of average `load the pivotal arm c, niay remain clear o the-contact 'points and and appropriate adjustments made for the booster 'for this condition. Then the coil c3 brings the arin e into contact with the point ll, resistance 41 is short circnited by Way et the conductors 45 and 4G, so that the coil 16 predominatcs. 7When the arm e is in contact with the point 42, the resistance et() is short circuited by Way of the circuit lil-4:5 and the coil 11 pre-ponderates.

rlhe modilication of the invention illustrated in Fig.v 7, is very similar to that illus trated and described in connection with Fig.

Q. However, in that figure the lll/Theatstonel bridge is normally unbalanced, whereas in Fig. 7, it is balanced. The relative resistances of the branches f5, f and f7 being so determined as to produce the desired condition or potential across the points p and g of the Wheatstone bridge, across `rlrich points the lield influencing coil l0 of the booster d is connected. rille' point g is connected to the pivotal arin c oi the booster regulator lwhose contact points el? and A't8 are connected respectively by conductors Llt) and 50 in such a Way that when the coil c causes the arm c to Contact with the point 48,- the `resistance f7 is short circuited unbalancing the Wheatstone bridge and causing a current to flow from the point 1), through the coil'lO' to the point g exciting the booster in such a Way as to cause the battery to discharge.

' of the generator a.

y greater. or less ma Likewise if the erin e contacts With the point" 4f', the' resistance arm 'fL is short circuited through the conductor i9 and the Wheatstone bridge is again unbalanced, causing current to tlovv through the coil l() in the opposite dir ction to canse the` battery to charge.

F ig. 8, is a. modificati-on of Fig. 7, differing from it principally in that an increase change ot voltage of the booster is produced for each vibration ormovement of the pivotal arrn. ln Fig. 8, the lNheatstone bridge connection is the same as has been described in Fig. 7, and the saine reference letters are therefore employed to denote itsA branches. The pivotal arin c, carries two contacting 'members el and c8 insulated from eachother.

When the coil c3 causes the arm c to be drawn down the contact piece e8, short circuits the anni flot the VVheatstfone bridge across the contact points 57 and 58 by Way ot Wires rc1, 602, e and wt. At the saine time the contact piece el short circuits the branch f5 of the heatstone bridge across the contact points and 56 by Way of fc5, m, m7 and w8, the etiect ofthe unbalancing of the Wheatstone bridge being magnified .by the short circuiting of tivo opposite arms instead of one arin as in the case of Fig. y7. Likewise when the pivotal arni c, rises, the contact c1, is influenced by two coils, one of which e responds to variatioiis ol" the load l), the other coil et, is Wound in suclra Way as to oppose the efl'ect of the coil c5 and its strength is responsive to fluctuations in the battery branch 3%. I of the two coils c" and e5 is the sanie as the etl'ect of the coil-c3 in Fig. l.

in the arrangement shownin Fig. 10, the

load b, is connected directly across the battery tei'ininals and au additional load L, preferably of a no11-liuctuating character inay be connected acrossthe terminals of the generator a. ln the arrangement shown the lottery may be of a higher voltage than that The booster (Z, normally generates an amount o'l voltage equal to the dillerence between that ofthe battery and'. that ot the generator. Under these conditions it is unnecessary to reverse the polarity of. the ybooster il, the booster regulator operating tc malte the v 'age ofthe booster d, g totlnctuationsbf 6. In an electric regulator a regulating armature, a coil for 4controlling its voltage and means for continually applying to said coil electro-motive-forces of' fixed amounts and of alternating polarity, substanielly as described.

7. In an electric regulator the combination ofa regulating armature, a field coil for controlling the Voltage o'l said armature and means including a make-andbreak device for continually applying to said field coil In testimony whereof. We have hereunto 15 signed our names.

CORNELIUS AMBRUSTER. HAROLD M. BECK.

Witnesses:

ADDISON B. BURR, Jr., FRANKLIN T. BINDER. 

